Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracCgi

Timestamp:

May 6, 2022, 7:02:56 AM (4 years ago)

Author:

trac

Comment:

--

TracCgi

@@ -1 @@
-= Installing Trac as CGI =
+= Installing Trac as CGI
+[[TracGuideToc]]
+[[PageOutline]]
 
-{{{
-#!div class=important
-  ''Please note that using Trac via CGI is the slowest deployment method available. It is slower than [TracModPython mod_python], [TracFastCgi FastCGI] and even [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp IIS/AJP] on Windows.''
+{{{#!div class=important
+ ''Please note that using Trac via CGI is the slowest deployment method available. It is slower than [wiki:TracModWSGI mod_wsgi], [TracModPython mod_python], [TracFastCgi FastCGI] and even [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp IIS/AJP] on Windows.''
 }}}
 
-CGI script is the entrypoint that web-server calls when a web-request to an application is made. To generate the `trac.cgi` script run:
-{{{
-trac-admin /path/to/env deploy /path/to/www/trac
-}}}
-`trac.cgi` will be in the `cgi-bin` folder inside the given path. Make sure it is executable by your web server. This command also copies `static resource` files to a `htdocs` directory of a given destination.
+CGI script is the entrypoint that web-server calls when a web-request to an application is made. The `trac.cgi` script can be created using the `trac-admin <env> deploy <dir>` command which automatically substitutes the required paths, see TracInstall#cgi-bin. Make sure the script is executable by your web server.
 
-== Apache web-server configuration ==
+== Apache web-server configuration
 
-In [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] there are two ways to run Trac as CGI:
+In [https://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] there are two ways to run Trac as CGI:
 
- 1. Use a `ScriptAlias` directive that maps an URL to the `trac.cgi` script (recommended)
- 2. Copy the `trac.cgi` file into the directory for CGI executables used by your web server (commonly named `cgi-bin`). You can also create a symbolic link, but in that case make sure that the `FollowSymLinks` option is enabled for the `cgi-bin` directory.
+ 1. Use a `ScriptAlias` directive that maps a URL to the `trac.cgi` script (recommended)
+ 1. Copy the `trac.cgi` file into the directory for CGI executables used by your web server (commonly named `cgi-bin`). You can also create a symbolic link, but in that case make sure that the `FollowSymLinks` option is enabled for the `cgi-bin` directory.
 
 To make Trac available at `http://yourhost.example.org/trac` add `ScriptAlias` directive to Apache configuration file, changing `trac.cgi` path to match your installation:
-{{{
+{{{#!apache
 ScriptAlias /trac /path/to/www/trac/cgi-bin/trac.cgi
 }}}
 
- ''Note that this directive requires enabled `mod_alias` module.''
+ ''Note that this directive requires that the `mod_alias` module is enabled.''
 
 If you're using Trac with a single project you need to set its location using the `TRAC_ENV` environment variable:
-{{{
+{{{#!apache
 <Location "/trac">
   SetEnv TRAC_ENV "/path/to/projectenv"
@@ -34 +31 @@
 
 Or to use multiple projects you can specify their common parent directory using the `TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR` variable:
-{{{
+{{{#!apache
 <Location "/trac">
   SetEnv TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR "/path/to/project/parent/dir"
@@ -40 +37 @@
 }}}
 
- ''Note that the `SetEnv` directive requires enabled `mod_env` module. It is also possible to set TRAC_ENV in trac.cgi. Just add the following code between "try:" and "from trac.web ...":''
+  ''Note that the `SetEnv` directive requires that the `mod_env` module is enabled.''
 
-{{{
-    import os
+An alternative to `SetEnv` is editing `TRAC_ENV` or `TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR` in `trac.cgi`:
+
+{{{#!python
     os.environ['TRAC_ENV'] = "/path/to/projectenv"
 }}}
 
- '' Or for TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR: ''
-
-{{{
-    import os
-    os.environ['TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR'] = "/path/to/project/parent/dir"
+{{{#!python
+    os.environ['TRAC_ENV_PARENT_DIR'] = "/path/to/parent/dir"
 }}}
 
-If you are using the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html Apache suEXEC] feature please see [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/ApacheSuexec].
+If you are using the [https://httpd.apache.org/docs/suexec.html Apache suEXEC] feature please see [trac:ApacheSuexec].
 
-On some systems, you ''may'' need to edit the shebang line in the `trac.cgi` file to point to your real Python installation path. On a Windows system you may need to configure Windows to know how to execute a .cgi file (Explorer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> File Types -> CGI).
+On some systems, you ''may'' need to edit the shebang line in the `trac.cgi` file to point to your real Python installation path. On a Windows system you may need to configure Windows to know how to execute a `.cgi` file (Explorer -> Tools -> Folder Options -> File Types -> CGI).
 
-== Mapping Static Resources ==
+=== Python Egg Cache
 
-Out of the box, Trac will pass static resources such as style sheets or images through itself. For a CGI setup this is '''highly undesirable''', because this way CGI script is invoked for documents that could be much more efficiently served directly by web server.
-
-Web servers such as [http://httpd.apache.org/ Apache] allow you to create “Aliases” to resources, giving them a virtual URL that doesn't necessarily reflect the layout of the servers file system. We already used this capability by defining a `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script. We also can map requests for static resources directly to the directory on the file system, avoiding processing these requests by CGI script.
-
-There are two primary URL paths for static resources - `/chrome/common` and `/chrome/site`. Plugins can add their own resources usually accessible by `/chrome/plugin` path, so its important to override only known paths and not try to make universal `/chrome` alias for everything.
-
-Add the following snippet to Apache configuration '''before''' the `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script, changing paths to match your deployment:
-{{{
-Alias /trac/chrome/common /path/to/trac/htdocs/common
-Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/trac/htdocs/site
-<Directory "/path/to/www/trac/htdocs">
-  Order allow,deny
-  Allow from all
-</Directory>
+The [TracInstall#egg-cache egg-cache] can be configured using an `os.environ` statement in `trac.cgi`, as shown above.
+To do the same from the Apache configuration, use the `SetEnv` directive:
+{{{#!apache
+SetEnv PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /path/to/dir
 }}}
 
-If using mod_python, you might want to add this too (otherwise, the alias will be ignored):
-{{{
-<Location "/trac/chrome/common/">
-  SetHandler None
-</Location>
+Put this directive next to where you set the path to the [TracEnvironment Trac environment], i.e. in the same `<Location>` block.
+
+{{{#!apache
+ <Location /trac>
+   SetEnv TRAC_ENV /path/to/projenv
+   SetEnv PYTHON_EGG_CACHE /path/to/dir
+ </Location>
 }}}
 
-Note that we mapped `/trac` part of the URL to the `trac.cgi` script, and the path `/chrome/common` is the path you have to append to that location to intercept requests to the static resources. 
-
-For example, if Trac is mapped to `/cgi-bin/trac.cgi` on your server, the URL of the Alias should be `/cgi-bin/trac.cgi/chrome/common`.
-
-Similarly, if you have static resources in a project's htdocs directory (which is referenced by /chrome/site URL in themes), you can configure Apache to serve those resources (again, put this '''before''' the `ScriptAlias` for the CGI script, and adjust names and locations to match your installation):
-
-{{{
-Alias /trac/chrome/site /path/to/projectenv/htdocs
-<Directory "/path/to/projectenv/htdocs">
-  Order allow,deny
-  Allow from all
-</Directory>
-}}}
-
-Alternatively to hacking `/trac/chrome/site`, you can directly specify path to static resources using `htdocs_location` configuration option in [wiki:TracIni trac.ini]:
-{{{
-[trac]
-htdocs_location = http://yourhost.example.org/trac-htdocs
-}}}
-
-Trac will then use this URL when embedding static resources into HTML pages. Of course, you still need to make the Trac `htdocs` directory available through the web server at the specified URL, for example by copying (or linking) the directory into the document root of the web server:
-{{{
-$ ln -s /path/to/www/trac/htdocs /var/www/yourhost.example.org/trac-htdocs
-}}}
-
-Note that in order to get this `htdocs` directory, you need first to extract the relevant Trac resources using the `deploy` command of TracAdmin:
-[[TracAdminHelp(deploy)]]
 
 
-== Adding Authentication ==
+=== Using WSGI
 
-The simplest way to enable authentication with Apache is to create a password file. Use the `htpasswd` program to create the password file:
-{{{
-$ htpasswd -c /somewhere/trac.htpasswd admin
-New password: <type password>
-Re-type new password: <type password again>
-Adding password for user admin
-}}}
+You can run a [http://henry.precheur.org/python/how_to_serve_cgi WSGI handler] [https://thejimmyg.github.io/pythonweb/projects/webmodules/doc/0.5.3/html_multipage/lib/example-webserver-web-wsgi-simple-cgi.html under CGI].  You can [wiki:TracModWSGI#Thetrac.wsgiscript write your own application function], or use the deployed trac.wsgi's application.
 
-After the first user, you dont need the "-c" option anymore:
-{{{
-$ htpasswd /somewhere/trac.htpasswd john
-New password: <type password>
-Re-type new password: <type password again>
-Adding password for user john
-}}}
+== Mapping Static Resources
 
-  ''See the man page for `htpasswd` for full documentation.''
+See TracInstall#MappingStaticResources.
 
-After you've created the users, you can set their permissions using TracPermissions.
+== Adding Authentication
 
-Now, you'll need to enable authentication against the password file in the Apache configuration:
-{{{
-<Location "/trac/login">
-  AuthType Basic
-  AuthName "Trac"
-  AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
-  Require valid-user
-</Location>
-}}}
-
-If you're hosting multiple projects you can use the same password file for all of them:
-{{{
-<LocationMatch "/trac/[^/]+/login">
-  AuthType Basic
-  AuthName "Trac"
-  AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
-  Require valid-user
-</LocationMatch>
-}}}
-
-For better security, it is recommended that you either enable SSL or at least use the “digest” authentication scheme instead of “Basic”. Please read the [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/ Apache HTTPD documentation] to find out more. For example, on a Debian 4.0r1 (etch) system the relevant section  in apache configuration can look like this:
-{{{
-<Location "/trac/login">
-    LoadModule auth_digest_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_auth_digest.so
-    AuthType Digest
-    AuthName "trac"
-    AuthDigestDomain /trac
-    AuthUserFile /somewhere/trac.htpasswd
-    Require valid-user
-</Location>
-}}}
-and you'll have to create your .htpasswd file with htdigest instead of htpasswd as follows:
-{{{
-# htdigest /somewhere/trac.htpasswd trac admin
-}}}
-where the "trac" parameter above is the same as !AuthName above  ("Realm" in apache-docs). 
+See TracInstall#ConfiguringAuthentication.
 
 ----
-See also:  TracGuide, TracInstall, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracFastCgi, TracModPython
+See also:  TracInstall, [wiki:TracModWSGI], TracFastCgi, TracModPython